Weight Loss

Weight Loss - References & External links

The references to scientific articles about Weight Loss are not meant to imply that any products treat, cure, or diagnose any disease or human condition. We encourage our audience to do their own research beyond the resources we have provided so your decision is as educated as possible.

• The influence of the ketogenic diet on weight loss:
  • DASHTI, Hussein M.; et al. Long-term effects of a ketogenic diet in obese patients. Experimental & Clinical Cardiology, 2004, 9.3: 200-205. PMID:19641727
    Conclusions: The present study shows the beneficial effects of a long-term ketogenic diet. It significantly reduced the body weight and body mass index of the patients. Furthermore, it decreased the level of triglycerides, LDL cholesterol and blood glucose, and increased the level of HDL cholesterol. Administering a ketogenic diet for a relatively longer period of time did not produce any significant side effects in the patients. Therefore, the present study confirms that it is safe to use a ketogenic diet for a longer period of time than previously demonstrated.
• The properties of Amorphophallus Konjac for Weight Loss:
  Glucomannan is a water-soluble dietary fiber that is derived from konjac root (Amorphophallus konjac). As a dietary fiber, Glucomannan absorbs water and maintains a feeling of satiation, effectively reducing cravings. It means you’ll be less likely to eat later in the evening, keeping the cravings that can compromise your diet at bay.
  • KAATS, Gilbert R.; BAGCHI, Debasis; PREUSS, Harry G. Konjac glucomannan dietary supplementation causes significant fat loss in compliant overweight adults. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 2015, 2015: 1-7. PMID:26492494
    CONCLUSIONS: This study supports the efficacy glucomannan supplementation to reduce body weight, body fat, and circulating cholesterol levels without the concomitant loss of lean mass and bone density often associated with weight loss. However, these positive outcomes were not observable until corrections for compliance were applied.
  • MAIA-LANDIM, Andrea; et al. Long-term effects of Garcinia cambogia/Glucomannan on weight loss in people with obesity, PLIN4, FTO and Trp64Arg polymorphisms. BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 2018, 18.1: 26. PMID:29361938
    CONCLUSIONS: Administration of GC and GNN reduce weight and improve lipid and glucose blood profiles in people with overweight or obesity, although the presence of polymorphisms PLIN4, FTO and ADRB3 might hinder in some degree these effects. ISRCTN78807585, 19 September 2017, retrospective study.
  • VITA, P. M.; et al. Chronic use of glucomannan in the dietary treatment of severe obesity. Minerva medica, 1992, 83.3: 135-139. PMID:1313163
  • WALSH, David E.; YAGHOUBIAN, Vazgen; BEHFOROOZ, Ali. Effect of glucomannan on obese patients: a clinical study. International journal of obesity, 1984, 8.4: 289-93. PMID:6096282
  • PITTLER, Max H.; ERNST, Edzard. Dietary supplements for body-weight reduction: a systematic review. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2004, 79.4: 529-536. PMID:15051593
    CONCLUSIONS: The evidence for most dietary supplements as aids in reducing body weight is not convincing. None of the reviewed dietary supplements can be recommended for over-the-counter use.
  • VASQUES, Carlos A. R.; ROSSETTO, Simone; HALMENSCHLAGER, Graziele; LINDEN, Rafael; HECKLER, Eliane; POBLADOR FERNANDEZ, Maria S.; LANCHO ALONSO, José L. Evaluation of the pharmacotherapeutic efficacy of Garcinia cambogia plus Amorphophallus konjac for the treatment of obesity. Phytotherapy Research, 2008, 22.9: 1135-1140. PMID:18729243
• The properties of Chitosan for Weight Loss:
  • TRIVEDI, V. R.; et al. Single-blind, placebo controlled randomised clinical study of chitosan for body weight reduction. Nutrition journal, 2015, 15.1: 3. PMID:26747458
    CONCLUSION: Chitosan from fungal origin was able to reduce the mean body weight up to 3 kg during the 90 day study period. Together with this, there was also improvement in body composition, anthropometric parameters and HbA1C, reflecting overall benefits for the overweight individuals. Additionally, there was also improvement in QoL score. It was safe and well tolerated by all subjects. TRIAL REGISTRATION: CTRI/2014/08/004901.
  • MORARU, Cristina; et al. A Meta-Analysis on Randomised Controlled Clinical Trials Evaluating the Effect of the Dietary Supplement Chitosan on Weight Loss, Lipid Parameters and Blood Pressure. Medicina, 2018, 54.6: 109. PMID:30545156
    Conclusions: Based on the meta-analysis realized with 14 RCT we concluded that the usage of chitosan as a dietary supplement can lead to a slight short- and medium-term effect on weight loss and to the improvement of serum lipid profile and cardiovascular factors.
  • EGRAS, Amy M.; et al. An Evidence-Based Review of Fat Modifying Supplemental Weight Loss Products. Journal of obesity, 2010, 2011: . PMID:20847896
    CONCLUSION: Many obese people use dietary supplements for weight loss. To date, there is little clinical evidence to support their use. More data is necessary to determine the efficacy and safety of these supplements. Healthcare providers should assist patients in weighing the risks and benefits of dietary supplement use for weight loss.
  • PITTLER, Max H.; ERNST, Edzard. Dietary supplements for body-weight reduction: a systematic review. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2004, 79.4: 529-536. PMID:15051593
    CONCLUSIONS: The evidence for most dietary supplements as aids in reducing body weight is not convincing. None of the reviewed dietary supplements can be recommended for over-the-counter use.
• The properties of Camellia Sinensis for Weight Loss:
  Fat can’t be burned until it’s broken down in your fat cells and moved to your bloodstream, but the compounds in green tea can boost your fat burning hormones.Norepinephrine is a chemical that instructs fat cells to break down fat. EGCG, the main antioxidant found in green tea, inhibits an enzyme responsible for breaking down norepinephrine. This results in an increase in norepinephrine, which can increase the amount of fat your body breaks down.It is even thought that caffeine and EGCG, both of which occur naturally in green tea, work together because caffeine works to the same effect as EGCG. Green tea extract stimulates the oxidation of fatty acids, supports thermogenesis of the body, and is a powerful antioxidant that protects against the negative effects of free radicals. Green tea is generally beneficial in supporting a healthy metabolism and your overall health.
  • MAKI, Kevin C.; REEVES, M. S.; FARMER, M.; YASUNAGA, K.; MATSUO, N.; KATSURAGI, Y.; KOMIKADO, M.; TOKIMITSU, I.; WILDER, D.; JONES, F.; BLUMBERG, J. B.; CARTWRIGHT, Y. Green tea catechin consumption enhances exercise-induced abdominal fat loss in overweight and obese adults. The Journal of nutrition, 2008, 139.2: 264-270. PMID:19074207
  • CHEN, I-Ju; et al. Therapeutic effect of high-dose green tea extract on weight reduction: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Clinical Nutrition, 2016, 35.3: 592-599. PMID:26093535
    Conclusion: 12 weeks of treatment with high-dose green tea extract resulted in significant weight loss, reduced waist circumference, and a consistent decrease in total cholesterol and LDL plasma levels without any side effects or adverse effects in women with central obesity. The antiobestic mechanism of high-dose green tea extract might be associated in part with ghrelin secretion inhibition, leading to increased adiponectin levels.
  • YANG, Chung S.; et al. Mechanisms of body weight reduction and metabolic syndrome alleviation by tea. Molecular nutrition & food research, 2016, 60.1: 160-174. PMID:26577614
  • TAGHIZADEH, Mohsen; FARZIN, N.; TAHERI, S.; MAHLOUJI, M.; AKBARI, H.; KARAMALI, F.; ASEMI, Z. The effect of dietary supplements containing green tea, capsaicin and ginger extracts on weight loss and metabolic profiles in overweight women: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, 2017, 70.4: 277-285. PMID:28595182
    CONCLUSIONS: Our study indicated that taking green tea, capsaicin and ginger co-supplements for 8 weeks among overweight women had beneficial effects on weight, BMI, markers of insulin metabolism and plasma GSH levels.
  • WANG, Hongqiang; WEN, Y.; DU, Y.; YAN, X.; GUO, H.; RYCROFT, J. A.; BOON, N.; KOVACS, E. M.; MELA, D. J. Effects of catechin enriched green tea on body composition. Obesity, 2010, 18.4: 773-779. PMID:19680234
  • DULLOO, Abdul G.; et al. Efficacy of a green tea extract rich in catechin polyphenols and caffeine in increasing 24-h energy expenditure and fat oxidation in humans. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 1999, 70.6: 1040-1045. PMID:10584049
    Conclusions: Green tea has thermogenic properties and promotes fat oxidation beyond that explained by its caffeine content per se. The green tea extract may play a role in the control of body composition via sympathetic activation of thermogenesis, fat oxidation, or both.
• The properties of Chromium for Weight Loss:
  If you’re into strength training, you may know chromium picolinate as a supplement useful in building muscle, burning fat, and metabolizing carbohydrates. Beyond these benefits, chromium moves blood sugar, also known as glucose, from your bloodstream into your cells. Here, glucose can be used to transform the macronutrients you eat – fats, carbohydrates, and proteins – into energy. Allows you to reduce the problem of snacking. Thanks to the stabilization of blood sugar, it suppresses the appetite. Supports the metabolism of macronutrients.
  • ONAKPOYA, I.; POSADZKI, P.; ERNST, E. Chromium supplementation in overweight and obesity: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized clinical trials. Obesity reviews, 2013, 14.6: 496-507. PMID:23495911
  • PITTLER, M. H.; STEVINSON, C.; ERNST, E. Chromium picolinate for reducing body weight: meta-analysis of randomized trials. International journal of obesity, 2003, 27.4: 522. PMID:12664086
  • DOCHERTY, John P.; SACK, D. A.; ROFFMAN, M.; FINCH, M.; KOMOROWSKI, J. R. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, exploratory trial of chromium picolinate in atypical depression: effect on carbohydrate craving. Journal of Psychiatric Practice®, 2005, 11.5: 302-314. PMID:16184071
    CONCLUSIONS: In a population of adults with atypical depression, most of whom were overweight or obese, CrPic produced improvement on the following HAM-D-29 items: appetite increase, increased eating, carbohydrate craving, and diurnal variation of feelings. In a subpopulation of patients with high carbohydrate craving, overall HAM-D-29 scores improved significantly in patients treated with CrPic compared with placebo. The results of this study suggest that the main effect of chromium was on carbohydrate craving and appetite regulation in depressed patients and that 600 mug of elemental chromium may be beneficial for patients with atypical depression who also have severe carbohydrate craving. Further studies are needed to evaluate chromium in depressed patients specifically selected for symptoms of increased appetite and carbohydrate craving as well as to determine whether a higher dose of chromium would have an effect on mood.
  • ANDERSON, Richard A. Effects of chromium on body composition and weight loss. Nutrition reviews, 1998, 56.9: 266-270. PMID:9763876
• The properties of Chromium Picolinate for Weight Loss:
  If you’re into strength training, you may know chromium picolinate as a supplement useful in building muscle, burning fat, and metabolizing carbohydrates. Beyond these benefits, chromium moves blood sugar, also known as glucose, from your bloodstream into your cells. Here, glucose can be used to transform the macronutrients you eat – fats, carbohydrates, and proteins – into energy. Allows you to reduce the problem of snacking. Thanks to the stabilization of blood sugar, it suppresses the appetite. Supports the metabolism of macronutrients.
  • PITTLER, M. H.; STEVINSON, C.; ERNST, E. Chromium picolinate for reducing body weight: meta-analysis of randomized trials. International journal of obesity, 2003, 27.4: 522. PMID:12664086
  • DOCHERTY, John P.; SACK, D. A.; ROFFMAN, M.; FINCH, M.; KOMOROWSKI, J. R. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, exploratory trial of chromium picolinate in atypical depression: effect on carbohydrate craving. Journal of Psychiatric Practice®, 2005, 11.5: 302-314. PMID:16184071
    CONCLUSIONS: In a population of adults with atypical depression, most of whom were overweight or obese, CrPic produced improvement on the following HAM-D-29 items: appetite increase, increased eating, carbohydrate craving, and diurnal variation of feelings. In a subpopulation of patients with high carbohydrate craving, overall HAM-D-29 scores improved significantly in patients treated with CrPic compared with placebo. The results of this study suggest that the main effect of chromium was on carbohydrate craving and appetite regulation in depressed patients and that 600 mug of elemental chromium may be beneficial for patients with atypical depression who also have severe carbohydrate craving. Further studies are needed to evaluate chromium in depressed patients specifically selected for symptoms of increased appetite and carbohydrate craving as well as to determine whether a higher dose of chromium would have an effect on mood.
  • PITTLER, Max H.; ERNST, Edzard. Dietary supplements for body-weight reduction: a systematic review. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2004, 79.4: 529-536. PMID:15051593
    CONCLUSIONS: The evidence for most dietary supplements as aids in reducing body weight is not convincing. None of the reviewed dietary supplements can be recommended for over-the-counter use.
• The properties of Iodine for Weight Loss:
  There is a complex relationship between your weight, thyroid, and metabolism. After all, the hormones secreted by the thyroid gland directly regulate your metabolism. Increasing your iodine intake can improve your thyroid function, which in turn, can boost your metabolism, helping you lose weight.
  • PAUL, T.; MEYERS, B.; WITORSCH, R.J.; PINO, S.; CHIPKIN, S.; INGBAR, S. H.; BRAVERMAN, L. E. The effect of small increases in dietary iodine on thyroid function in euthyroid subjects. Metabolism, 1988, 37.2: 121-124. PMID:3340004
• The properties of Ascorbic Acid for Weight Loss:
  Like all 8 B vitamins, vitamin C aids in protein metabolism. This means it not only provides your body with necessary proteins, but does so while blocking the synthesis of proteins known to cause infection and inflammation. That means if you go to the gym often, vitamin C can make it easier for you to recover after training.
  • GARCIA-DIAZ, Diego Fernando; et al. Vitamin C in the Treatment and/or Prevention of Obesity. Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology, 2014, 60.6: 367-379. PMID:25866299
  • JOHNSTON, Carol S. Strategies for healthy weight loss: from vitamin C to the glycemic response. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 2005, 24.3: 158-165. PMID:15930480
  • ABDALI, Daniyal; SAMSON, Sue E.; GROVER, Ashok Kumar. How Effective Are Antioxidant Supplements in Obesity and Diabetes?. Medical Principles and Practice, 2015, 24.3: 201-215. PMID:25791371
• The properties of Caffeine for Weight Loss:
  Caffeine isn’t just a great ingredient to reduce fatigue and increase alertness and focus (as would your favorite cup of coffee). It also stimulates thermogenesis, slimming you down by turning up your body’s internal temperature. It can even reduce your appetite, helping you stay on track with your healthy eating choices. Caffeine instantly energizes, increases concentration and improves endurance. It allows you to practice longer and achieve better results.
  • TABRIZI, R.; SANEEI, P.; LANKARANI, K. B.; AKBARI, M.; KOLAHDOOZ, F.; ESMAILLZADEH, A.; NADI-RAVANDI, S.; MAZOOCHI, M.; ASEMI, Z. The effects of caffeine intake on weight loss: a systematic review and dos-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, 2018, 2018: 1-9. PMID:30335479
  • SMITH, Andrew. Effects of caffeine on human behavior. Food and chemical toxicology, 2002, 40.9: 1243-1255. PMID:12204388
  • GRAHAM, Terry E. Caffeine and exercise: metabolism, endurance and performance. Sports medicine, 2001, 31.11: 785-807. PMID:11583104
  • CAMPBELL, Bill I.; ZITO, G.; COLQUHOUN, R.; MARTINEZ, N.; KENDALL, K.; BUCHANAN, N.; LEHN, M.; JOHNSON, M.; ST LOUIS, C.; SMITH, Y.; CLOER, B.; PINGEL, A. The effects of a single-dose thermogenic supplement on resting metabolic rate and hemodynamic variables in healthy females-a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 2016, 13.1: 13. PMID:27034624
    CONCLUSIONS:The thermogenic dietary supplement treatment experienced greater elevations in RMR as compared to baseline. Due to the slight elevations in blood pressure, caution should be taken for those with increased risk for hypertension or pre-hypertension. Taken on a daily basis, thermogenic dietary supplementation may increase overall energy expenditure, potentially leading to reductions in fat mass over time.
  • LOPEZ, Hector L.; et al. Eight weeks of supplementation with a multi-ingredient weight loss product enhances body composition, reduces hip and waist girth, and increases energy levels in overweight men and women. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 2013, 10.1: 1-14. PMID:23601452
    Conclusions: METABO administration is a safe and effective adjunct to an eight-week diet and exercise weight loss program by augmenting improvements in body composition, waist and hip girth. Adherence to the eight-week weight loss program also led to beneficial changes in body fat in placebo. Ongoing studies to confirm these results and clarify the mechanisms (i.e., biochemical and neuroendocrine mediators) by which METABO exerts the observed salutary effects are being conducted.
• The properties of Avena Sativa for Weight Loss:
  It increase the feeling of satiety, reduce the digestibility of calories.
  • EL SHEBINI, Salwa M.; et al. Obesity Related Metabolic Disorders and Risk of Renal Disease: Impact of Hypocaloric Diet and Avena Sativa Supplement. Open access Macedonian journal of medical sciences, 2018, 6.8: 1376. PMID:30159060
    CONCLUSION: The healthy effect of the dietary oat supplement on the reduction of central obesity, percentage body fat and different metabolic disorders criteria was confirmed than with hypocaloric diet.
• The properties of Tyrosine for Weight Loss:
  • DAUBNER, S. Colette; LE, Tiffany; WANG, Shanzhi. Tyrosine hydroxylase and regulation of dopamine synthesis. Archives of biochemistry and biophysics, 2011, 508.1: 1-12. PMID:21176768
• The properties of Thiamine for Weight Loss:
  Eight B vitamins help your body convert food, especially carbohydrates, into glucose that it can use as energy. Vitamin B1 is no different - it also helps your body metabolize fats and protein, ensuring you get all the nutrients you need from your food.
  • KERNS, Jennifer C.; ARUNDEL, Cherinne; CHAWLA, Lakhmir S. Thiamin deficiency in people with obesity. Advances in nutrition, 2015, 6.2: 147-153. PMID:25770253
• The properties of Humulus Lupulus for Weight Loss:
  When you hear “hops,” the first thing that comes to mind is probably beer. But the dried parts of this plant are used for more than just your favorite brews! In fact, Hops Extract is regularly used to treat insomnia and other sleep disorders. The best part is that restful sleep supports your weight loss, offering multiple benefits in one!
  • MORIMOTO-KOBAYASHI, Yumie; OHARA, K.; ASHIGAI, H.; KANAYA, T.; KOIZUMI, K.; MANABE, F.; KANEKO, Y.; TANIGUCHI, Y.; KATAYAMA, M.; KOWATARI, Y.; KONDO, S. Matured hop extract reduces body fat in healthy overweight humans: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel group study. Nutrition journal, 2015, 15.1: 25. PMID:26960416
    CONCLUSIONS: The present study suggests that continual ingestion of MHE safely reduces body fat, particularly the abdominal visceral fat of healthy overweight subjects. TRIAL REGISTRATION: UMIN-CTR UMIN000014185.
• The properties of Griffonia Simplicifolia for Weight Loss:
  Derived from the seeds of an African plant, Griffonia Extract is used to create 5-HTP. This substance produces a calm, relaxed state of mind that is thought to improve sleep. Research suggests that sleep deprivation alters hunger-regulating hormones, causing an increase in appetite and a desire for calorie-dense foods.
  • RONDANELLI, M.; OPIZZI, A.; FALIVAI, M.; BUCCI, M.; PERNA, S. Relationship between the absorption of 5-hydroxytryptophan from an integrated diet, by means of Griffonia simplicifolia extract, and the effect on satiety in overweight females after oral spray administration. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity, 2012, 17.1: e22-e28. PMID:22142813
• The properties of Capsicum Annum for Weight Loss:
  • WHITING, Stephen; DERBYSHIRE, Emma; TIWARI, B. K. Capsaicinoids and capsinoids. A potential role for weight management? A systematic review of the evidence. Appetite, 2012, 59.2: 341-348. PMID:22634197
• The properties of Capsicum Annuum for Weight Loss:
  Cayenne powder isn’t just an ingredient for your favorite dishes. Spicy food increases your body temperature, forcing the body to expend energy (calories) to cool down. Consumed daily, Cayenne powder can increase metabolic rates by up to 25%. Cayenne Pepper Fruit Extract: has a positive impact on weight reduction, protects the stomach in case of contact with corrosive substances. Capsicum annuum extract supports the work of the digestive system, shielding the stomach. Activates fat reserves burning.
  • WHITING, Stephen; DERBYSHIRE, Emma; TIWARI, B. K. Capsaicinoids and capsinoids. A potential role for weight management? A systematic review of the evidence. Appetite, 2012, 59.2: 341-348. PMID:22634197
  • VARGHESE, Sharon; et al. Chili pepper as a body weight-loss food. International journal of food sciences and nutrition, 2017, 68.4: 392-401. PMID:27899046
  • URBINA, Stacie L.; et al. Effects of twelve weeks of capsaicinoid supplementation on body composition, appetite and self-reported caloric intake in overweight individuals. Appetite, 2017, 113: 264-273. PMID:28235621
• The properties of Capsaicin for Weight Loss:
  • WHITING, Stephen; DERBYSHIRE, Emma; TIWARI, B. K. Capsaicinoids and capsinoids. A potential role for weight management? A systematic review of the evidence. Appetite, 2012, 59.2: 341-348. PMID:22634197
  • TAGHIZADEH, Mohsen; FARZIN, N.; TAHERI, S.; MAHLOUJI, M.; AKBARI, H.; KARAMALI, F.; ASEMI, Z. The effect of dietary supplements containing green tea, capsaicin and ginger extracts on weight loss and metabolic profiles in overweight women: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, 2017, 70.4: 277-285. PMID:28595182
    CONCLUSIONS: Our study indicated that taking green tea, capsaicin and ginger co-supplements for 8 weeks among overweight women had beneficial effects on weight, BMI, markers of insulin metabolism and plasma GSH levels.
  • ZHENG, Jia; et al. Dietary capsaicin and its anti-obesity potency: from mechanism to clinical implications. Bioscience reports, 2017, 37.3: BSR20170286. PMID:28424369
  • TREMBLAY, Angelo; ARGUIN, Hélène; PANAHI, Shirin. Capsaicinoids: a spicy solution to the management of obesity?. International Journal of Obesity, 2016, 40.8: 1198. PMID:26686003
  • LOPEZ, Hector L.; et al. Eight weeks of supplementation with a multi-ingredient weight loss product enhances body composition, reduces hip and waist girth, and increases energy levels in overweight men and women. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 2013, 10.1: 1-14. PMID:23601452
    Conclusions: METABO administration is a safe and effective adjunct to an eight-week diet and exercise weight loss program by augmenting improvements in body composition, waist and hip girth. Adherence to the eight-week weight loss program also led to beneficial changes in body fat in placebo. Ongoing studies to confirm these results and clarify the mechanisms (i.e., biochemical and neuroendocrine mediators) by which METABO exerts the observed salutary effects are being conducted.
• The properties of Levocarnitine for Weight Loss:
  The naturally occurring amino acid L-carnitine is found in foods such as red meat, nuts and green vegetables. It helps your body turn its fat stores into energy, meaning you’ll not only burn fat but combat the tiredness often caused by dieting too. L-carnitine breaks down and removes surplus of subcutaneous fat, together with signs of cellulitis; fights skin sagginess and helps achieve a fit body after a big weight loss.
  • CZECZOT, Hanna; ŚCIBIOR, Dorota. Role of L-carnitine in metabolism, nutrition and therapy. Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej (online), 2005, 59: 9-19. PMID:15761381
  • ABDALI, Daniyal; SAMSON, Sue E.; GROVER, Ashok Kumar. How Effective Are Antioxidant Supplements in Obesity and Diabetes?. Medical Principles and Practice, 2015, 24.3: 201-215. PMID:25791371
• The properties of Paullinia Cupana for Weight Loss:
  A popular energy supplement, Guarana Extract offers one of the highest concentrations of caffeine among any plant. In fact, it can contain up to 3.6 to 5.8% caffeine by weight whereas coffee has only up to 2%. It has a stimulating effect. Supports lipid metabolism.
  • ALKHATIB, Ahmad; SEIJO, M.; LARUMBE, E.; NACLERIO, F. Acute effectiveness of a “fat-loss” product on substrate utilization, perception of hunger, mood state and rate of perceived exertion at rest and during exercise. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 2015, 12.1: 44. PMID:26612980
    CONCLUSIONS: The multi-ingredient product's potential enhancement of FAO during exercise, satiety, and RPE reduction suggests an acute effectiveness of SHRED in improving the exercise-related fat loss benefits.
• The properties of Garcinia Gummi-Gutta for Weight Loss:
  Garcinia cambogia extract is unfailing in suppressing appetite, stabilizes blood sugar levels and blocks the fat storage process.
  • ONAKPOYA, Igho; HUNG, Shao Kang; PERRY, Rachel; WIDER, Barbara; ERNST, Edzard. The use of Garcinia extract (hydroxycitric acid) as a weight loss supplement: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials. Journal of obesity, 2010, 2011: 44. PMID:21197150
  • HAYAMIZU, Kohsuke; et al. Effects of garcinia cambogia (Hydroxycitric Acid) on visceral fat accumulation: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Current Therapeutic Research, 2003, 64.8: 551-567. PMID:24944404
    CONCLUSION: G cambogia reduced abdominal fat accumulation in subjects, regardless of sex, who had the visceral fat accumulation type of obesity. No rebound effect was observed. It is therefore expected that G cambogia may be useful for the prevention and reduction of accumulation of visceral fat.
  • MAIA-LANDIM, Andrea; et al. Long-term effects of Garcinia cambogia/Glucomannan on weight loss in people with obesity, PLIN4, FTO and Trp64Arg polymorphisms. BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 2018, 18.1: 26. PMID:29361938
    CONCLUSIONS: Administration of GC and GNN reduce weight and improve lipid and glucose blood profiles in people with overweight or obesity, although the presence of polymorphisms PLIN4, FTO and ADRB3 might hinder in some degree these effects. ISRCTN78807585, 19 September 2017, retrospective study.
  • FASSINA, Patricia; et al. The effect of garcinia cambogia as coadjuvant in the weight loss process. Nutricion hospitalaria, 2015, 32.6: 2400-2408. PMID:26667686
    CONCLUSION: Studies suggest positive results about the effectiveness of the GC on the weight loss process. However, the ideal dosage has not been well established yet. There is little evidence of adverse effects and signs of protective effect against hepatotoxicity induced by ethanol. Therefore, it becomes necessary to carry out further studies to confirm the efficacy of this phytotherapy in the weight loss process.
  • CHUAH, Li Oon; et al. Updates on Antiobesity Effect of Garcinia Origin (-)-HCA. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2013, 2013: . PMID:23990846
  • PITTLER, Max H.; ERNST, Edzard. Dietary supplements for body-weight reduction: a systematic review. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2004, 79.4: 529-536. PMID:15051593
    CONCLUSIONS: The evidence for most dietary supplements as aids in reducing body weight is not convincing. None of the reviewed dietary supplements can be recommended for over-the-counter use.
  • VASQUES, Carlos A. R.; ROSSETTO, Simone; HALMENSCHLAGER, Graziele; LINDEN, Rafael; HECKLER, Eliane; POBLADOR FERNANDEZ, Maria S.; LANCHO ALONSO, José L. Evaluation of the pharmacotherapeutic efficacy of Garcinia cambogia plus Amorphophallus konjac for the treatment of obesity. Phytotherapy Research, 2008, 22.9: 1135-1140. PMID:18729243
• The properties of Hydroxycitric Acid for Weight Loss:
  • PREUSS, H. G.; et al. Effects of a natural extract of (-)-hydroxycitric acid (HCA-SX) and a combination of HCA-SX plus niacin-bound chromium and Gymnema sylvestre extract on weight loss. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 2004, 6.3: 171-180. PMID:15056124
    CONCLUSION: The present study shows that optimal doses of HCA-SX and, to a greater degree, the combination of HCA-SX, NBC and GSE can serve as an effective and safe weight-loss formula that can facilitate a reduction in excess body weight and BMI, while promoting healthy blood lipid levels.
  • ONAKPOYA, Igho; HUNG, Shao Kang; PERRY, Rachel; WIDER, Barbara; ERNST, Edzard. The use of Garcinia extract (hydroxycitric acid) as a weight loss supplement: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials. Journal of obesity, 2010, 2011: 44. PMID:21197150
  • HAYAMIZU, Kohsuke; et al. Effects of garcinia cambogia (Hydroxycitric Acid) on visceral fat accumulation: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Current Therapeutic Research, 2003, 64.8: 551-567. PMID:24944404
    CONCLUSION: G cambogia reduced abdominal fat accumulation in subjects, regardless of sex, who had the visceral fat accumulation type of obesity. No rebound effect was observed. It is therefore expected that G cambogia may be useful for the prevention and reduction of accumulation of visceral fat.
  • ROY, Sashwati; et al. Transcriptome of primary adipocytes from obese women in response to a novel hydroxycitric acid-based dietary supplement. DNA and cell biology, 2007, 26.9: 627-639. PMID:17708719
    CONCLUSION: Taken together, the net effects support the antilipolytic and antiadipogenic effects of HCA-SX. Further human studies are warranted.
  • CHUAH, Li Oon; et al. Updates on Antiobesity Effect of Garcinia Origin (-)-HCA. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2013, 2013: . PMID:23990846
  • EGRAS, Amy M.; et al. An Evidence-Based Review of Fat Modifying Supplemental Weight Loss Products. Journal of obesity, 2010, 2011: . PMID:20847896
    CONCLUSION: Many obese people use dietary supplements for weight loss. To date, there is little clinical evidence to support their use. More data is necessary to determine the efficacy and safety of these supplements. Healthcare providers should assist patients in weighing the risks and benefits of dietary supplement use for weight loss.
  • HEYMSFIELD, Steven B.; et al. Garcinia cambogia (hydroxycitric acid) as a potential antiobesity agent: a randomized controlled trial. Jama, 1998, 280.18: 1596-1600. PMID:9820262
    CONCLUSIONS: Garcinia cambogia failed to produce significant weight loss and fat mass loss beyond that observed with placebo.
• The properties of Rubus Idaeus for Weight Loss:
  • MORIMOTO, Chie; SATOH, Yurie; HARA, Mariko; INOUE, Shintaro; TSUJITA, Takahiro; OKUDA, Hiromichi. Anti-obese action of raspberry ketone. Life sciences, 2005, 77.2: 194-204. PMID:15862604
• The properties of Citrus Aurantium for Weight Loss:
  Bitter Orange Fruit Extract: facilitates weight control, supports the metabolism of fats and carbohydrates. Supports the work of the digestive system. Instantly suppresses the appetite, by stabilizing the level of glucose in the blood, and increases the metabolism of fat.
  • PREUSS, Harry G.; DIFERDINANDO, D.; BAGCHI, D. Citrus aurantium as a thermogenic, weight-reduction replacement for ephedra: an overview. Journal of medicine, 2002, 33.1-4: 247-264. PMID:12939122
  • COLKER, Carlon M.; DIFERDINANDO, D.; BAGCHI, D. Effects of Citrus aurantium extract, caffeine, and St. John's wort on body fat loss, lipid levels, and mood states in overweight healthy adults. Current Therapeutic Research, 1999, 60.3: 145-153.
  • LOPEZ, Hector L.; et al. Eight weeks of supplementation with a multi-ingredient weight loss product enhances body composition, reduces hip and waist girth, and increases energy levels in overweight men and women. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 2013, 10.1: 1-14. PMID:23601452
    Conclusions: METABO administration is a safe and effective adjunct to an eight-week diet and exercise weight loss program by augmenting improvements in body composition, waist and hip girth. Adherence to the eight-week weight loss program also led to beneficial changes in body fat in placebo. Ongoing studies to confirm these results and clarify the mechanisms (i.e., biochemical and neuroendocrine mediators) by which METABO exerts the observed salutary effects are being conducted.
• The properties of Glycyrrhiza Glabra for Weight Loss:
  Licorice taken as a supplement could help speed up metabolism among people who take it in conjunction with a regimen of diet and exercise.
  • TOMINAGA, Yuji; MAE, Tatsumasa; KITANO, Mitsuaki; SAKAMOTO, Yoshiro; IKEMATSU, Hideyuki; NAKAGAWA, Kaku. Licorice flavonoid oil effects body weight loss by reduction of body fat mass in overweight subjects. Journal of Health Science, 2006, 52.6: 672-683.
  • TOMINAGA, Yuji; NAKAGAWA, Kaku; MAE, Tatsumasa; KITANO, Mitsuaki; YOKOTA, Shinichi; ARAI, Toshihiro; IKEMATSU, Hideyuki; INOUE, Shuji. Licorice flavonoid oil reduces total body fat and visceral fat in overweight subjects: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Obesity Research & Clinical Practice, 2009, 3.3: 169-178. PMID:24345587
• The properties of Vitamin E for Weight Loss:
  • ABDALI, Daniyal; SAMSON, Sue E.; GROVER, Ashok Kumar. How Effective Are Antioxidant Supplements in Obesity and Diabetes?. Medical Principles and Practice, 2015, 24.3: 201-215. PMID:25791371
• The properties of Zinc for Weight Loss:
  • ABDALI, Daniyal; SAMSON, Sue E.; GROVER, Ashok Kumar. How Effective Are Antioxidant Supplements in Obesity and Diabetes?. Medical Principles and Practice, 2015, 24.3: 201-215. PMID:25791371
• The properties of D-Pantothenic Acid for Weight Loss:
  More commonly known as vitamin B5, pantothenic acid helps your body metabolize food into energy while assisting your liver in metabolizing toxins that can stall your weight loss efforts.
  • LEUNG, L. H. Pantothenic acid as a weight-reducing agent: fasting without hunger, weakness and ketosis. Medical hypotheses, 1995, 44.5: 403-405. PMID:8583972
• The properties of Pyridoxine for Weight Loss:
  Though all B vitamins are essential, Vitamin B6 is one of the most important. It plays a role in over 100 enzyme reactions in the body, primarily in the metabolism of important amino acids and proteins. Participates in the synthesis of hemoglobin and activates the SIRT gene also known as the gene of slenderness. Vitamin B6 ensures proper energy metabolism. It regulates the functioning of the endocrine system and maintains internal balance.
  • NOVIN, Zahra Shakibay; GHAVAMZADEH, Saeed; MEHDIZADEH, Alireza. The Weight Loss Effects of Branched Chain Amino Acids and Vitamin B6: A Randomized Controlled Trial on Obese and Overweight Women. International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research, 2019, 2019: . PMID:30841823
• The properties of Vitis Vinifera for Weight Loss:
  Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) has an antiobesity effect.
  • LIU, Miao; et al. Effects of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract on Obesity. Obesity facts, 2020, 2.2: 279-291. PMID:32114568
• The properties of Lycopene for Weight Loss:
  • ABDALI, Daniyal; SAMSON, Sue E.; GROVER, Ashok Kumar. How Effective Are Antioxidant Supplements in Obesity and Diabetes?. Medical Principles and Practice, 2015, 24.3: 201-215. PMID:25791371
• The properties of Zingiber Officinale for Weight Loss:
  Ginger root extract reduces appetite, stimulates the production of gastric juice, facilitates recovery in many gastrointestinal diseases (accelerates metabolism, prevents further weight gain). Ginger Rhizomes Extract: supports the functioning of the immune system, has an antioxidant effect, supports the absorption of nutrients, it lowers the blood sugar level, supports carbohydrate metabolism.
  • MAHARLOUEI, Najmeh; TABRIZI, R.; LANKARANI, K. B.; REZAIANZADEH, A.; AKBARI, M.; KOLAHDOOZ, F.; RAHIMI, M.; KENESHLOU, F.; ASEMI, Z. The effects of ginger intake on weight loss and metabolic profiles among overweight and obese subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, 2018, 2018: 1-14. PMID:29393665
  • TAGHIZADEH, Mohsen; FARZIN, N.; TAHERI, S.; MAHLOUJI, M.; AKBARI, H.; KARAMALI, F.; ASEMI, Z. The effect of dietary supplements containing green tea, capsaicin and ginger extracts on weight loss and metabolic profiles in overweight women: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, 2017, 70.4: 277-285. PMID:28595182
    CONCLUSIONS: Our study indicated that taking green tea, capsaicin and ginger co-supplements for 8 weeks among overweight women had beneficial effects on weight, BMI, markers of insulin metabolism and plasma GSH levels.
  • EBRAHIMZADEH ATTARI, Vahideh; et al. A systematic review of the anti-obesity and weight lowering effect of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) and its mechanisms of action. Phytotherapy research, 2018, 32.4: 577-585. PMID:29193411
  • WANG, Jing; et al. Beneficial effects of ginger Zingiber officinale Roscoe on obesity and metabolic syndrome: a review. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2017, 1398.1: 83-98. PMID:28505392
  • LOPEZ, Hector L.; et al. Eight weeks of supplementation with a multi-ingredient weight loss product enhances body composition, reduces hip and waist girth, and increases energy levels in overweight men and women. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 2013, 10.1: 1-14. PMID:23601452
    Conclusions: METABO administration is a safe and effective adjunct to an eight-week diet and exercise weight loss program by augmenting improvements in body composition, waist and hip girth. Adherence to the eight-week weight loss program also led to beneficial changes in body fat in placebo. Ongoing studies to confirm these results and clarify the mechanisms (i.e., biochemical and neuroendocrine mediators) by which METABO exerts the observed salutary effects are being conducted.
• The properties of Lycium Barbarum for Weight Loss:
  • AMAGASE, Harunobu; NANCE, Dwight M. Lycium barbarum increases caloric expenditure and decreases waist circumference in healthy overweight men and women: pilot study. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 2011, 30.5: 304-309. PMID:22081616
    CONCLUSIONS: These results show that L. barbarum consumption increases metabolic rate and reduces the waist circumference, relative to placebo treated control subjects.
• The properties of Euterpe Oleracea for Weight Loss:
  • UDANI, Jay K.; SINGH, V. J.; BARRETT, M. L. Effects of Acai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) berry preparation on metabolic parameters in a healthy overweight population: a pilot study. Nutrition journal, 2011, 10.1: 45. PMID:21569436
    CONCLUSION: In this uncontrolled pilot study, consumption of açai fruit pulp reduced levels of selected markers of metabolic disease risk in overweight adults, indicating that further studies are warranted.
  • KANG, Jie; XIE, C.; LI, Z.; NAGARAJAN, S.; SCHAUSS, A. G.; WU, X. Flavonoids from acai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) pulp and their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Food Chemistry, 2011, 128.1: 152-157. PMID:25214342
  • PALA, Daniela; BARBOSA, P. O.; SILVA, C.; DE SOUZA, M. O.; FREITAS, R. N.; VOLP, A. C. P.; MARANHãO, R. C. Açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) dietary intake affects plasma lipids, apolipoproteins, cholesteryl ester transfer to high-density lipoprotein and redox metabolism: A prospective study in women. Clinical Nutrition, 2018, 37.2: 618-623. PMID:28249700
• The properties of Piper Nigrum for Weight Loss:
  Black pepper fruit extract - supports the secretion of digestive juices, increases the absorption of nutrients, regulates bowel movements.
  • TAKOOREE, Heerasing; AUMEERUDDY, M. Z.; RENGASAMY, K. R. R.; VENUGOPALA, K. N.; JEEWON, R.; ZENGIN, G.; MAHOMOODALLY, M. F. A systematic review on black pepper (Piper nigrum L.): from folk uses to pharmacological applications. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, 2019, 2019: 1-34. PMID:30740986
  • MUJUMDAR, Arvind Manohar; DHULEY, Jayant Nilkanth; DESHMUKH, Vinaykumar Keshav; RAMAN, Palghat Hariharan; NAIK, Suresh Ramnath. Anti-inflammatory activity of piperine. Japanese Journal of Medical Science and Biology, 1990, 43.3: 95-100. PMID:2283727
  • NEWERLI-GUZ, Joanna; ŚMIECHOWSKA, Maria. Assessment of the contents of piperine in black pepper berries Piper nigrum L. Bromatologia i Chemia Toksykologiczna, 2009, XLII: 827–830.
• The properties of Piperine for Weight Loss:
  • NOGARA, Leonardo; et al. Piperine’s mitigation of obesity and diabetes can be explained by its up-regulation of the metabolic rate of resting muscle. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2016, 113.46: 13009-13014. PMID:27799519
• The properties of Cholecalciferol for Weight Loss:
  • CEFALO, Chiara MA; CONTE, C.; SORICE, G. P.; MOFFA, S.; SUN, V. A.; CINTI, F.; SALOMONE, E.; MUSCOGIURI, G.; BROCCHI, A. A. G.; PONTECORVI, A.; MEZZA, T.; GIACCARI, A. Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Obesity‐Induced Insulin Resistance: A Double‐Blind, Randomized, Placebo‐Controlled Trial. Obesity, 2018, 26.4: 651-657. PMID:29504254
    CONCLUSIONS: Cholecalciferol supplementation, combined with a weight loss program, significantly improves insulin sensitivity in healthy subjects with obesity and might represent a personalized approach for insulin-resistant subjects with obesity. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials: NCT02020694.
• The properties of 4-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone for Weight Loss:
  • LOPEZ, Hector L.; et al. Eight weeks of supplementation with a multi-ingredient weight loss product enhances body composition, reduces hip and waist girth, and increases energy levels in overweight men and women. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 2013, 10.1: 1-14. PMID:23601452
    Conclusions: METABO administration is a safe and effective adjunct to an eight-week diet and exercise weight loss program by augmenting improvements in body composition, waist and hip girth. Adherence to the eight-week weight loss program also led to beneficial changes in body fat in placebo. Ongoing studies to confirm these results and clarify the mechanisms (i.e., biochemical and neuroendocrine mediators) by which METABO exerts the observed salutary effects are being conducted.
  • KSHATRIYA, Dushyant; et al. Raspberry Ketone [4-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-Butanone] Differentially Effects Meal Patterns and Cardiovascular Parameters in Mice. Nutrients, 2020, 12.6: 1754. PMID:32545402
• The properties of Coffea for Weight Loss:
  Powdered coffee removes excess water, speeds up metabolism, increases energy production (suppresses appetite, removes excess water from the body).
  • ONAKPOYA, Igho; TERRY, Rohini; ERNST, Edzard. The use of green coffee extract as a weight loss supplement: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials. Gastroenterology research and practice, 2011, 2011: . PMID:20871849
  • MENG, Shengxi; CAO, J.; FENG, Q.; PENG, J.; HU, Y. Roles of chlorogenic acid on regulating glucose and lipids metabolism: a review. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2013, 2013: . PMID:24062792
  • FARAH, Adriana; MONTEIRO, Mariana; DONANGELO, Carmen M.; LAFAY, Sophie. Chlorogenic acids from green coffee extract are highly bioavailable in humans. The Journal of Nutrition, 2008, 138.12: 2309-2315. PMID:19022950
  • ABDALI, Daniyal; SAMSON, Sue E.; GROVER, Ashok Kumar. How Effective Are Antioxidant Supplements in Obesity and Diabetes?. Medical Principles and Practice, 2015, 24.3: 201-215. PMID:25791371
• The properties of Chlorogenic Acid for Weight Loss:
  • KUMAR, R.; et al. Therapeutic promises of Chlorogenic acid with special emphasis on its anti-obesity property. Current molecular pharmacology, 2019. PMID:31333144
    CONCLUSION: CGA shows promises as an antioxidant, glycemic control agent, anti-hypertensive, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, neuro-protective and anti-obesity agent. It primarily activates the AMP-activated protein kinase, inhibits 3-hydroxy 3-methylglutaryl coenzyme-A reductase and strengthens the activity of carnitine palmitoyltransferase to control the obesity.
  • SOGA, Satoko; OTA, Noriyasu; SHIMOTOYODOME, Akira. Stimulation of postprandial fat utilization in healthy humans by daily consumption of chlorogenic acids. Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry, 2013, 77.8: 1633-1636. PMID:23924724
• The properties of Synephrine for Weight Loss:
  • STOHS, Sidney J.; PREUSS, H. G.; SHARA, M. A review of the human clinical studies involving Citrus aurantium (bitter orange) extract and its primary protoalkaloid p-synephrine. International journal of medical sciences, 2012, 9.7: 527. PMID:22991491
  • STOHS, Sidney J. Efficacy, and Mechanistic Studies Regarding Citrus aurantium (Bitter Orange) Extract and p‐Synephrine. Phytotherapy research, 2017, 31.10: 1463-1474. PMID:28752649
  • GUTIéRREZ-HELLíN, Jorge; DEL COSO, Juan. Dose–Response Effects of p‐Synephrine on Fat Oxidation Rate During Exercise of Increasing Intensity. Phytotherapy research, 2018, 32.2: 370-374. PMID:29024325
• The properties of Fagopyrum Esculentum for Weight Loss:
  Removes excess water from the body.
  • LI, Si-quan; ZHANG, Q. Howard. Advances in the development of functional foods from buckwheat. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, 2001, 41.6: 451-464. PMID:11592684
• The properties of Resveratrol for Weight Loss:
  • ABDALI, Daniyal; SAMSON, Sue E.; GROVER, Ashok Kumar. How Effective Are Antioxidant Supplements in Obesity and Diabetes?. Medical Principles and Practice, 2015, 24.3: 201-215. PMID:25791371
• The properties of Manganese for Weight Loss:
  Manganese helps control your body’s ability to metabolize fats and carbohydrates. It also helps prevent food cravings by regulating regulating your blood sugar. By assisting in proper thyroid functioning, it helps maintain a healthy metabolism, and because it also helps your body absorb calcium, it reinforces bone metabolism and healthy bone structure too.
  • YANG, Qing. Gain weight by “going diet?” Artificial sweeteners and the neurobiology of sugar cravings: Neuroscience 2010. The Yale journal of biology and medicine, 2010, 83.2: 101. PMID:20589192
• The properties of Manganese Ascorbate for Weight Loss:
  • YANG, Qing. Gain weight by “going diet?” Artificial sweeteners and the neurobiology of sugar cravings: Neuroscience 2010. The Yale journal of biology and medicine, 2010, 83.2: 101. PMID:20589192
• The properties of Allium Sativum for Weight Loss:
  • LOPEZ, Hector L.; et al. Eight weeks of supplementation with a multi-ingredient weight loss product enhances body composition, reduces hip and waist girth, and increases energy levels in overweight men and women. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 2013, 10.1: 1-14. PMID:23601452
    Conclusions: METABO administration is a safe and effective adjunct to an eight-week diet and exercise weight loss program by augmenting improvements in body composition, waist and hip girth. Adherence to the eight-week weight loss program also led to beneficial changes in body fat in placebo. Ongoing studies to confirm these results and clarify the mechanisms (i.e., biochemical and neuroendocrine mediators) by which METABO exerts the observed salutary effects are being conducted.
• The properties of 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid for Weight Loss:
  BHB is the first substrate that kicks the metabolic state of ketosis into action. Revisiting the scenario from before, if you either take supplemental forms or if your body is making beta-hydroxybutyrate, it is able to start processing in your body resulting in energy. Beta-hydroxybutyrate floats around in your blood, and importantly, can cross different important barriers to be able to be turned into energy at all times. One of the most important areas where this happens is in the brain. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is usually a very tightly regulated interface, but since BHB is such a rock star and so hydrophilic, your brain knows to let it in so it can bring energy to the party at any time. This is one of the main reasons why increased BHB levels lead to heightened mental acuity.
  • VICE, Esther; PRIVETTE, J. D.; HICKNER, R. C.; BARAKAT, H. A. Ketone body metabolism in lean and obese women. Metabolism, 2005, 54.11: 1542-1545. PMID:16253646
  • BRIND, J.; STRAIN, G.; MILLER, L.; ZUMOFF, B.; VOGELMAN, J.; ORENTREICH, N. Obese men have elevated plasma levels of estrone sulfate. International journal of obesity, 1990, 14.6: 483-486. PMID:2401584
  • SERLIE, M. J.; MEIJER, A. J.; GROENER, J. E.; DURAN, M.; ENDERT, E.; FLIERS, E.; AERTS, J. M.; SAUERWEIN, H. P. Short-term manipulation of plasma free fatty acids does not change skeletal muscle concentrations of ceramide and glucosylceramide in lean and overweight subjects. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2007, 92.4: 1524-1529. PMID:17264178
    CONCLUSION: Short-term manipulation of plasma FFAs has no effect on ceramide and glucosylceramide concentrations in skeletal muscle from lean and obese subjects.
  • DRISKELL, Judy A.; CHRISLEY, B. M.; REYNOLDS, L. K.; MOAK, S. W. Plasma B6 vitamer and plasma and urinary 4-pyridoxic acid concentrations of middle-aged obese black women. Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications, 1991, 568.2: 333-340. PMID:1783639
  • HARO, Carmen; MONTES-BORREGO, M.; RANGEL-ZúñIGA, O. A.; ALCALá-DíAZ, J. F.; GóMEZ-DELGADO, F.; PéREZ-MARTíNEZ, P.; DELGADO-LISTA, J.; QUINTANA-NAVARRO, G. M.; TINAHONES, F. J.; LANDA, B. B.; LóPEZ-MIRANDA, J.; CAMARGO, A.; PéREZ-JIMéNEZ, F. Two Healthy Diets Modulate Gut Microbial Community Improving Insulin Sensitivity in a Human Obese Population. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology, 2016, 101.1: 233-242. PMID:26505825
    CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that long-term consumption of the Med and LFHCC diets exerts a protective effect on the development of type 2 diabetes by different specific changes in the gut microbiota, increasing the abundance of the Roseburia genus and F. prausnitzii, respectively. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials: NCT00924937.
  • KOSSOFF, Eric H.; DORWARD, Jennifer L. The modified Atkins diet. Epilepsia, 2008, 49: 37-41. PMID:19049584
• The properties of Trigonella Foenum-Graecum for Weight Loss:
  • BAE, JiYoung; et al. Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) and Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) Tea Drinking Suppresses Subjective Short-term Appetite in Overweight Women. Clinical nutrition research, 2015, 4.3: 168-174. PMID:26251835
• The properties of Foeniculum Vulgare for Weight Loss:
  Extract from fennel fruit / seeds improves operation of digestive system (normalizes digestive functions). Fennel Seed, shown to help prevent the formation of gas and bloating while normalizing appetite.
  • BAE, JiYoung; et al. Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) and Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) Tea Drinking Suppresses Subjective Short-term Appetite in Overweight Women. Clinical nutrition research, 2015, 4.3: 168-174. PMID:26251835
• The properties of L-Leucine for Weight Loss:
  • YAO, Kang; et al. Leucine in Obesity: Therapeutic Prospects. Trends in pharmacological sciences, 2016, 37.8: 714-727. PMID:27256112
• The properties of Cocos Nucifera for Weight Loss:
  Coconut milk stimulates faster metabolism. Launches the process of ‘self-cleansing’ in the body, which is an active processing of old inner fat accumulated in the area of sides and belly.
  • ASSUNçãO, Monica L.; et al. Effects of dietary coconut oil on the biochemical and anthropometric profiles of women presenting abdominal obesity. Lipids, 2009, 44.7: 593-601. PMID:19437058
  • OLIVEIRA-DE-LIRA, Luciene; et al. Supplementation-Dependent Effects of Vegetable Oils with Varying Fatty Acid Compositions on Anthropometric and Biochemical Parameters in Obese Women. Nutrients, 2018, 10.7: 932. PMID:30037019
  • DE PAULA FRANCO, Elizabeth; et al. Effect of hypoenergetic diet combined with consumption of coconut flour in overweight women. Nutricion hospitalaria, 2015, 32.5: 2012-2018. PMID:26545655
    CONCLUSION: The hypoenergetic diet promoted a decrease in the anthropometric parameters, blood pressure and triglycerides. The consumption of coconut flour promoted a decrease in glucose and total cholesterol levels when supplementing the hypoenergetic diet. The improved diet quality can be seen in the decrease in consumption of ultra- processed foods.
• The properties of Taurine for Weight Loss:
  • MURAKAMI, Shigeru. Role of taurine in the pathogenesis of obesity. Molecular nutrition & food research, 2015, 59.7: 1353-1363. PMID:25787113
• The properties of Glycine Max for Weight Loss:
  Soy protein isolate burns fat, is a source of energy for the body (actively burns subcutaneous fat).
  • SHARMANOV, TSh; KADYROVA, RKh; SALKHANOV, B. A. The use of a soy protein isolate in the diet therapy of patients with alimentary obesity. Voprosy pitaniia, 1990, 2: 27-29. PMID:2378098
  • TAHAVORGAR, Atefeh; et al. Whey protein preloads are more beneficial than soy protein preloads in regulating appetite, calorie intake, anthropometry, and body composition of overweight and obese men. Nutrition research, 2014, 34.10: 856-861. PMID:25277886
• The properties of Montmorillinite for Weight Loss:
  Bentonite clay reduces appetite, braks up fat deposits, inhibits the absorption of fats (binds harmful chemical compounds and removes them from the body).
  • DENING, Tahnee J.; et al. Spray Dried Smectite Clay Particles as a Novel Treatment against Obesity. Pharmaceutical research, 2019, 36.1: 21. PMID:30519891
    CONCLUSIONS: Spray dried smectite clay particles (SD-MMT and SD-LAP) with significant adsorptive capacities for dietary lipids and digestion products were successfully fabricated. These particles may be developed as novel anti-obesity treatments with fewer adverse effects than currently marketed treatment options.
  • BALLIETT, Mary; BURKE, Jeanmarie R. Changes in anthropometric measurements, body composition, blood pressure, lipid profile, and testosterone in patients participating in a low-energy dietary intervention. Journal of chiropractic medicine, 2013, 12.1: 3-14. PMID:23997718
    Conclusions: Weight loss and improvements in total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels occurred after a low-energy-density dietary intervention plus regimented supplementation program.
• The properties of Taraxacum Officinale for Weight Loss:
  Dandelion root extract normalizes digestion and appetite, restores the balance of electrolytes, normalizes microflora in the intestines (has a mild laxative effect, rebuilds bacterial flora in the intestines). It promotes the production of bile, accelerates the digestion of fat and eliminates gas. And on top of that, it reduces the deposition of body fat. Thanks to those properties you’ll say goodbye to flatulence and a sense of being full while continuing to lose weight.
  • GONZáLEZ-CASTEJóN, Marta; et al. Reduction of Adipogenesis and Lipid Accumulation by Taraxacum Officinale (Dandelion) Extracts in 3T3L1 Adipocytes: An in Vitro Study. Phytotherapy research, 2014, 28.5: 745-752. PMID:23956107
  • GARCíA-CARRASCO, Belén; et al. In vitro Hypolipidemic and Antioxidant Effects of Leaf and Root Extracts of Taraxacum Officinale. Medical Sciences, 2015, 3.2: 38-54. PMID:29083390
• The properties of Withania Somnifera for Weight Loss:
  Ashwagandha root extract - helps control weight, has a beneficial effect on energy levels.
  • ABU BAKAR, Mohamad Hafizi; et al. Withaferin A Protects Against High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity Via Attenuation of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Insulin Resistance. Applied biochemistry and biotechnology, 2019, 188.1: 241-259. PMID:30417321
• The properties of Withaferin A for Weight Loss:
  • ABU BAKAR, Mohamad Hafizi; et al. Withaferin A Protects Against High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity Via Attenuation of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Insulin Resistance. Applied biochemistry and biotechnology, 2019, 188.1: 241-259. PMID:30417321
• The properties of Plectranthus Barbatus for Weight Loss:
  • LOFTUS, Hayley; et al. Coleus forskohlii Extract Supplementation in Conjunction with a Hypocaloric Diet Reduces the Risk Factors of Metabolic Syndrome in Overweight and Obese Subjects: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients, 2015, 7.11: 9508-9522. PMID:26593941
• The properties of Clarinol® for Weight Loss:
  Clarinol®, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) - linoleic acid (LA) helps maintain normal blood cholesterol levels. Studies have shown that CLA accelerates fat burning in obese people; it likewise supports slimming of the legs and reduces the waist to hip ratio. Research has shown that adding CLA as a supplement is enough to see positive changes that are independent of a diet and exercise regimen.
  • WHIGHAM, Leah D.; WATRAS, Abigail C.; SCHOELLER, Dale A. Efficacy of conjugated linoleic acid for reducing fat mass: a meta-analysis in humans. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2007, 85.5: 1203-1211. PMID:17490954
    CONCLUSION: Given at a dose of 3.2 g/d, CLA produces a modest loss in body fat in humans.
  • LEHNEN, Tatiana Ederich; et al. A review on effects of conjugated linoleic fatty acid (CLA) upon body composition and energetic metabolism. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 2015, 12.1: 36. PMID:26388708
  • RAINER, Lisa; HEISS, Cynthia J. Conjugated linoleic acid: health implications and effects on body composition. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 2004, 104.6: 963-968. PMID:15175596
  • EGRAS, Amy M.; et al. An Evidence-Based Review of Fat Modifying Supplemental Weight Loss Products. Journal of obesity, 2010, 2011: . PMID:20847896
    CONCLUSION: Many obese people use dietary supplements for weight loss. To date, there is little clinical evidence to support their use. More data is necessary to determine the efficacy and safety of these supplements. Healthcare providers should assist patients in weighing the risks and benefits of dietary supplement use for weight loss.
• The properties of Pisum Sativum for Weight Loss:
  It normalizes fat metabolism; speeds up metabolism.
  • LAMBERT, Jennifer E.; PARNELL, Jill A.; TUNNICLIFFE, Jasmine M.; HAN, Jay; STURZENEGGER, Troy; REIMER, Raylene A. Consuming yellow pea fiber reduces voluntary energy intake and body fat in overweight/obese adults in a 12-week randomized controlled trial. Clinical nutrition, 2017, 36.1: 126-133. PMID:26811130
    CONCLUSIONS: In the absence of other lifestyle changes, incorporating 15 g/day yellow pea fiber may yield small but significant metabolic benefits and aid in obesity management.
  • KIM, Shana J.; et al. Effects of dietary pulse consumption on body weight: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2016, 103.5: 1213-1223. PMID:27030531
    CONCLUSIONS: The inclusion of dietary pulses in a diet may be a beneficial weight-loss strategy because it leads to a modest weight-loss effect even when diets are not intended to be calorically restricted. Future studies are needed to determine the effects of dietary pulses on long-term weight-loss sustainability.
  • RAMDATH, Dan; RENWICK, Simone; DUNCAN, Alison M. The Role of Pulses in the Dietary Management of Diabetes. Canadian journal of diabetes, 2016, 40.4: 355-363. PMID:27497151
• The properties of Theobroma Cacao for Weight Loss:
  Natural cocoa accelerates lipolysis and slows down the aging process.
  • FARHAT, Grace; et al. Dark chocolate: an obesity paradox or a culprit for weight gain?. Phytotherapy research, 2014, 28.6: 791-797. PMID:24000103
• The properties of Oryza Sativa for Weight Loss:
  It promotes effective weight loss because it reduces the amount of calories absorbed.
  • KEMPNER, Walter; et al. Treatment of massive obesity with rice/reduction diet program. An analysis of 106 patients with at least a 45-kg weight loss. Archives of internal medicine, 1975, 135.12: 1575-1584. PMID:1200726
  • KIM, Jung Yun; et al. The effects of uncoupling protein 1 and beta3-adrenergic receptor gene polymorphisms on weight loss and lipid profiles in obese women. Int J Vitam Nutr Res, 2010, 80.2: 87-96. PMID:20803423
• The properties of Chenopodium Quinoa for Weight Loss:
  • NAVARRO-PEREZ, Diana; et al. Quinoa Seed Lowers Serum Triglycerides in Overweight and Obese Subjects: A Dose-Response Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Current developments in nutrition, 2017, 1.9: e001321. PMID:29955719
    CONCLUSIONS: The consumption of 50 g quinoa/d lowers serum TGs in overweight and obese participants and reduces the prevalence of MetS.
• The properties of Arthrospira Platensis for Weight Loss:
  It has an unparalleled effect on weight loss and prevents obesity.
  • ZEINALIAN, Reihaneh; et al. The effects of Spirulina Platensis on anthropometric indices, appetite, lipid profile and serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in obese individuals: a randomized double blinded placebo controlled trial. BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 2017, 17.1: 225.
    Conclusion: Spirulina supplementation at a dose of 1 g/d for 12 weeks is effective in modulating body weight and appetite and partly modifies serum lipids. This can further confirm the efficacy of this herbal supplement in control and prevention of obesity and obesity- related disorders.
  • YOUSEFI, Reyhaneh; MOTTAGHI, Azadeh; SAIDPOUR, Atoosa. Spirulina platensis effectively ameliorates anthropometric measurements and obesity-related metabolic disorders in obese or overweight healthy individuals: A randomized controlled trial. Complementary therapies in medicine, 2018, 40: 106-112.
    Conclusions: This study suggests that spirulina platensis, as a complementary therapy may have beneficial effects on adherence to RCD, management of weight loss and also reduction in TG levels through possible modulatory effects on anti-inflammatory pathways.
  • BALLIETT, Mary; BURKE, Jeanmarie R. Changes in anthropometric measurements, body composition, blood pressure, lipid profile, and testosterone in patients participating in a low-energy dietary intervention. Journal of chiropractic medicine, 2013, 12.1: 3-14. PMID:23997718
    Conclusions: Weight loss and improvements in total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels occurred after a low-energy-density dietary intervention plus regimented supplementation program.
• The properties of Medicago Sativa for Weight Loss:
  Also known as lucerne, medicago sativa is high in fiber, regulates female hormones, and accelerates digestion. This helps you you manage your weight more effectively by burning more of the calories you consume.
  • GAWEł, Eliza. Chemical composition of lucerne leaf extract (EFL) and its applications as a phytobiotic in human nutrition. Acta scientiarum polonorum. Technologia alimentaria, 2012, 2012: 11.3. PMID:22744951
• The properties of Omega-3 Acids for Weight Loss:
  Omega-3 acids increases the level of leptin, the hormone responsible for the speed of fat breakdown in the body. It is important that our body cannot produce Omega-3 acids but can only receive it externally.
  • GRAY, B.; et al. Omega-3 fatty acids: a review of the effects on adiponectin and leptin and potential implications for obesity management. European journal of clinical nutrition, 2013, 67.12: 1234. PMID:24129365
  • LORENTE-CEBRIáN, Silvia; et al. Role of omega-3 fatty acids in obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular diseases: a review of the evidence. Journal of physiology and biochemistry, 2013, 69.3: 633-651. PMID:23794360
  • ABDALI, Daniyal; SAMSON, Sue E.; GROVER, Ashok Kumar. How Effective Are Antioxidant Supplements in Obesity and Diabetes?. Medical Principles and Practice, 2015, 24.3: 201-215. PMID:25791371
• The properties of Phenylalanine for Weight Loss:
  Phenylalanine is an essential amino acid that suppresses your appetite by stimulating the release of cholecystokinin, an intestinal hormone. Once released, cholecystokinin sends a signal to your brain to feel satiated after eating. By helping you feel more full, phenylalanine can effectively prevent overeating.
• The properties of Magnolia Officinalis for Weight Loss:
  Obese peaple who eat in response to stress may benefit from taking a dietary supplement ingredient containing proprietary extracts of Magnolia Officinalis.
  • GARRISON, Robert; CHAMBLISS, Walter G. Effect of a Proprietary Magnolia and Phellodendron Extract on Weight Management: A Pilot, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Alternative therapies in health and medicine, 2006, 12.1: 50-55. PMID:16454147
    Conclusion: The results of this pilot clinical study indicate that obese subjects who eat in response to stress may benefit from taking a dietary supplement ingredient containing proprietary extracts of M officinalis and P amurense. The mechanism of action appears to be through reduction of cortisol levels and possibly perceived stress, thereby helping participants maintain body weight. The sample size was small, however, and there was higher attrition in the control group than in the treatment group.
• The properties of Phellodendron Amurense for Weight Loss:
  Obese peaple who eat in response to stress may benefit from taking a dietary supplement ingredient containing proprietary extracts of Phellodendron Amurense.
  • GARRISON, Robert; CHAMBLISS, Walter G. Effect of a Proprietary Magnolia and Phellodendron Extract on Weight Management: A Pilot, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Alternative therapies in health and medicine, 2006, 12.1: 50-55. PMID:16454147
    Conclusion: The results of this pilot clinical study indicate that obese subjects who eat in response to stress may benefit from taking a dietary supplement ingredient containing proprietary extracts of M officinalis and P amurense. The mechanism of action appears to be through reduction of cortisol levels and possibly perceived stress, thereby helping participants maintain body weight. The sample size was small, however, and there was higher attrition in the control group than in the treatment group.
• The properties of Lactobacillus Rhamnosus for Weight Loss:
  The Lactobacillus Rhamnosus helps obese women to achieve sustainable weight loss.
  • SANCHEZ, Marina; et al. Effect of Lactobacillus Rhamnosus CGMCC1.3724 Supplementation on Weight Loss and Maintenance in Obese Men and Women. British Journal of Nutrition, 2014, 111.8: 1507-1519. PMID:24299712
  • MEKKES, M. C.; et al. The Development of Probiotic Treatment in Obesity: A Review. Beneficial microbes, 2014, 5.1: 19-28. PMID:23886977
• The properties of Lactobacillus Gasseri for Weight Loss:
  • MEKKES, M. C.; et al. The Development of Probiotic Treatment in Obesity: A Review. Beneficial microbes, 2014, 5.1: 19-28. PMID:23886977
• The properties of Lactobacillus Reuteri for Weight Loss:
  • MILLION, M.; et al. Obesity-associated Gut Microbiota Is Enriched in Lactobacillus Reuteri and Depleted in Bifidobacterium Animalis and Methanobrevibacter Smithii. International journal of obesity, 2012, 36.6: 817-825. PMID:21829158
    Conclusion: The gut microbiota associated with human obesity is depleted in M. smithii. Some Bifidobacterium or Lactobacillus species were associated with normal weight (B. animalis) while others (L. reuteri) were associated with obesity. Therefore, gut microbiota composition at the species level is related to body weight and obesity, which might be of relevance for further studies and the management of obesity. These results must be considered cautiously because it is the first study to date that links specific species of Lactobacillus with obesity in humans.
• The properties of Bifidobacterium Animalis for Weight Loss:
  • MEKKES, M. C.; et al. The Development of Probiotic Treatment in Obesity: A Review. Beneficial microbes, 2014, 5.1: 19-28. PMID:23886977
  • MILLION, M.; et al. Obesity-associated Gut Microbiota Is Enriched in Lactobacillus Reuteri and Depleted in Bifidobacterium Animalis and Methanobrevibacter Smithii. International journal of obesity, 2012, 36.6: 817-825. PMID:21829158
    Conclusion: The gut microbiota associated with human obesity is depleted in M. smithii. Some Bifidobacterium or Lactobacillus species were associated with normal weight (B. animalis) while others (L. reuteri) were associated with obesity. Therefore, gut microbiota composition at the species level is related to body weight and obesity, which might be of relevance for further studies and the management of obesity. These results must be considered cautiously because it is the first study to date that links specific species of Lactobacillus with obesity in humans.
• The properties of Beta-Glucan for Weight Loss:
  • AOE, Seiichiro; et al. Effects of high β-glucan barley on visceral fat obesity in Japanese individuals: a randomized, double-blind study. Nutrition, 2017, 42: 1-6. PMID:28870472
    Conclusions: The intake of high Beta-glucan barley led to significant and safe reductions in VFA, body weight, BMI, and WC in individuals with visceral fat obesity with VFA ≥100 cm2. Barley high in β-glucan may contribute to preventing visceral fat obesity.
• The properties of Irvingia Gabonensis for Weight Loss:
  African mango has been the subject of some interesting studies concerning weight loss and satiety. African mango contains a range of polyphenols and saturated MCTs.
  • NGONDI, Judith L.; et al. IGOB131, a novel seed extract of the West African plant Irvingia gabonensis, significantly reduces body weight and improves metabolic parameters in overweight humans in a randomized double-blind placebo controlled investigation. Lipids in Health and Disease, 2009, 8.1: 1-7. PMID:19254366
    Conclusion: Irvingia gabonensis administered 150 mg twice daily before meals to overweight and/or obese human volunteers favorably impacts body weight and a variety of parameters characteristic of the metabolic syndrome. This is the first double blind randomized placebo controlled clinical trial regarding the anti-obesity and lipid profile modulating effects of an Irvingia gabonensis extract. The positive clinical results, together with our previously published mechanisms of gene expression modulation related to key metabolic pathways in lipid metabolism, provide impetus for much larger clinical studies. Irvingia gabonensis extract may prove to be a useful tool in dealing with the emerging global epidemics of obesity, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, and their co-morbid conditions. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials: NCT00645775.
  • NGONDI, Judith L.; OBEN, Julius E.; MINKA, Samuel R. The effect of Irvingia gabonensis seeds on body weight and blood lipids of obese subjects in Cameroon. Lipids in health and Disease, 2005, 4.1: 1-4. PMID:15916709
• The properties of Cinnamomum Cassia for Weight Loss:
  Cinnamon Bark Extract: helps maintain a healthy blood sugar level, facilitates weight control, improves digestive comfort.
  • ABDALI, Daniyal; SAMSON, Sue E.; GROVER, Ashok Kumar. How Effective Are Antioxidant Supplements in Obesity and Diabetes?. Medical Principles and Practice, 2015, 24.3: 201-215. PMID:25791371
• The properties of Sambucus Nigra for Weight Loss:
  • ZIELIńSKA-WASIELICA, Joanna; et al. Elderberry ( Sambucus nigra L.) Fruit Extract Alleviates Oxidative Stress, Insulin Resistance, and Inflammation in Hypertrophied 3T3-L1 Adipocytes and Activated RAW 264.7 Macrophages. Foods, 2019, 8.8: 326. PMID:31398785
• The properties of Thioctic Acid for Weight Loss:
  • ABDALI, Daniyal; SAMSON, Sue E.; GROVER, Ashok Kumar. How Effective Are Antioxidant Supplements in Obesity and Diabetes?. Medical Principles and Practice, 2015, 24.3: 201-215. PMID:25791371
• The properties of Coenzyme Q10 for Weight Loss:
  • ABDALI, Daniyal; SAMSON, Sue E.; GROVER, Ashok Kumar. How Effective Are Antioxidant Supplements in Obesity and Diabetes?. Medical Principles and Practice, 2015, 24.3: 201-215. PMID:25791371
• The properties of Hordeum Vulgare for Weight Loss:
  The chlorophyll in the green barley accelerates the fat metabolism, thus helping to get rid of fat from difficult places.
  • AOE, Seiichiro; et al. Effects of high β-glucan barley on visceral fat obesity in Japanese individuals: a randomized, double-blind study. Nutrition, 2017, 42: 1-6. PMID:28870472
    Conclusions: The intake of high Beta-glucan barley led to significant and safe reductions in VFA, body weight, BMI, and WC in individuals with visceral fat obesity with VFA ≥100 cm2. Barley high in β-glucan may contribute to preventing visceral fat obesity.
  • THATIPARTHI, Jhansyrani; et al. Barley grass juice (Hordeum vulgare L.) inhibits obesity and improves lipid profile in high fat diet-induced rat model. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 2019, 238: 111843. PMID:30951844
    Conclusion: Our study demonstrates the antiobesity activity of barley grass juice and it may be concluded that barley grass juice can be an effective nutraceutical in the management of obesity.
• The properties of Chlorophyll for Weight Loss:
  • MONTELIUS, Caroline; et al. Body weight loss, reduced urge for palatable food and increased release of GLP-1 through daily supplementation with green-plant membranes for three months in overweight women. Appetite, 2014, 81: 295-304. PMID:24993695
• The properties of (-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate for Weight Loss:
  • VáZQUEZ CISNEROS, Lucía Cristina; et al. Effects of green tea and its epigallocatechin (EGCG) content on body weight and fat mass in humans: a systematic review. Nutricion hospitalaria, 2017, 34.3: 731-737. PMID:28627214
  • SHIXIAN, Q.; VANCREY, B.; SHI, J.; KAKUDA, Y.; JIANG, Y. Green tea extract thermogenesis-induced weight loss by epigallocatechin gallate inhibition of Catechol-O-Methyltransferase. Journal of medicinal food, 2006, 9.4: 451-458. PMID:17201629
  • MIELGO-AYUSO, Juan; et al. Effects of dietary supplementation with epigallocatechin-3-gallate on weight loss, energy homeostasis, cardiometabolic risk factors and liver function in obese women: randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. British Journal of Nutrition, 2014, 111.7: 1263-1271. PMID:24299662
  • YANG, Chung S.; et al. Mechanisms of body weight reduction and metabolic syndrome alleviation by tea. Molecular nutrition & food research, 2016, 60.1: 160-174. PMID:26577614
• The properties of Ilex Paraguariensis for Weight Loss:
  Yerba mate contains polyphenols such as flavonoids and phenolic acids, which work by inhibiting enzymes like pancreatic lipase and lipoprotein lipase, which in turn play a role in fat metabolism. Yerba mate has been shown to increase satiety by slowing gastric emptying. Effects on weight loss may be due to reduced absorption of dietary fats and/or altered cholesterol metabolism. Yerba mate contains polyphenols such as flavonoids and phenolic acids, which work by inhibiting enzymes like pancreatic lipase and lipoprotein lipase, which in turn play a role in fat metabolism. Yerba mate has been shown to increase satiety by slowing gastric emptying. Effects on weight loss may be due to reduced absorption of dietary fats and/or altered cholesterol metabolism.
  • DE LA GARZA, Ana Laura; et al. Natural inhibitors of pancreatic lipase as new players in obesity treatment. Planta medica, 2011, 77.08: 773-785. PMID:21412692
  • GAMBERO, Alessandra; RIBEIRO, Marcelo L. The positive effects of yerba maté (Ilex paraguariensis) in obesity. Nutrients, 2015, 7.2: 730-750. PMID:25621503
  • KIM, Sun-Young; et al. Anti-obesity effects of Yerba Mate (Ilex Paraguariensis): a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 2015, 15.1: 1-8. PMID:26408319
    Conclusions: Yerba Mate supplementation decreased body fat mass, percent body fat and WHR. Yerba Mate was a potent anti-obesity reagent that did not produce significant adverse effects. These results suggested that Yerba Mate supplementation may be effective for treating obese individuals.
• The properties of Apple Cider Vinegar for Weight Loss:
  Apple cider vinegar can be difficult to add into a normal diet. Fortunately, there is no nasty vinegar taste with dietary supplements.
  • BALLIETT, Mary; BURKE, Jeanmarie R. Changes in anthropometric measurements, body composition, blood pressure, lipid profile, and testosterone in patients participating in a low-energy dietary intervention. Journal of chiropractic medicine, 2013, 12.1: 3-14. PMID:23997718
    Conclusions: Weight loss and improvements in total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels occurred after a low-energy-density dietary intervention plus regimented supplementation program.
  • KONDO, Tomoo; et al. Vinegar intake reduces body weight, body fat mass, and serum triglyceride levels in obese Japanese subjects. Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry, 2009, 73.8: 1837-1843. PMID:19661687
• The properties of Phaseolus Vulgaris for Weight Loss:
  • GANESAN, Kumar; XU, Baojun. Polyphenol-Rich Dry Common Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Their Health Benefits. International journal of molecular sciences, 2017, 18.11: 2331. PMID:29113066
  • SHI, Zhenxing; et al. Anti-obesity effects of α-amylase inhibitor enriched-extract from white common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) associated with the modulation of gut microbiota composition in high-fat diet-induced obese rats. Food & function, 2020, 11.2: 1624-1634. PMID:32022058
  • GAMBOA-GóMEZ, Claudia I.; et al. Plants with potential use on obesity and its complications. EXCLI journal, 2015, 14: 809. PMID:26869866
  • NOLAN, Ruth; et al. It's No Has Bean: A Review of the Effects of White Kidney Bean Extract on Body Composition and Metabolic Health. Nutrients, 2020, 12.5: 1398. PMID:32414090