Meydani Simin Nikbin, Lewis Erin Diane, Wu Dayong
Advances in Nutrition, 2018
Abstract
Current vitamin E requirements are uniformly applied across the population for those >14 y of age. However, aging is associated with alterations in cellular and physiologic functions, which are affected by vitamin E. Therefore, it is questionable whether vitamin E requirements can be uniformly applied to all adult age categories. With aging, there is dysregulation of the immune system in which there are decreased cell-mediated and pathogen defense responses coupled with an overactive, prolonged inflammatory state. Both animal and human studies in the aged suggest that intake above currently recommended levels of vitamin E may improve immune and inflammatory responses and be associated with a reduced risk of infectious disease. We review the evidence that was considered in establishing the current requirements for vitamin E and highlight data that should be considered in determining the vitamin E requirements in older adults, particularly focusing on the evidence suggesting a benefit of increased vitamin E intake on immune function and inflammatory processes and resistance to infection. The main objective of this Perspective is to initiate the discussion of whether the current Dietary Reference Intake for vitamin E should be increased for the older population. We make this suggestion on the basis of mechanistic studies showing biological plausibility, correction of a major cellular dysfunction in older adults, and strong evidence from several animal and a few human studies indicating a reduction in risk and morbidity from infections.
Figures
Dysregulation of inflammation and cell-mediated immune function that occurs with aging and the relation to the pathogenesis of various age-associated diseases. Number of arrows indicate the strength of evidence, with double arrows indicating strong evidence and single arrow indicating moderate evidence. *Indicates skin response that is an in vivo measure of cell-mediated immune function and assessment of cell-mediated immune function. DTH, delayed-type hypersensitivity; PGE2, prostaglandin E2.
Relation between changes in delayed-type hypersensitivity skin response (diameter of induration) and changes in blood vitamin E concentrations from baseline after 30 d of supplementation with different doses of vitamin E in healthy older adults. Reproduced from reference with permission.
| PMID: | 30107519 |
|---|---|
| DOI: | 10.1093/advances/nmy035 |
| PMCID (Free PMC Article): | PMC6140432 |
| Category: | Immune |
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